How the version of record is corrected, questioned or withdrawn.
19
Corrections
Material errors that do not invalidate the central findings are corrected through a dated, citable and permanently linked notice.
The Editor-in-Chief or a delegated editor assesses the evidence and determines whether the error affects the record, its interpretation or patient and public safety.
The notice identifies the article, the corrected element, the reason, the responsible source of the error and the notice date; it remains open access and links bidirectionally with the version of record.
A corrected version is dated and replaces the display version only after editorial verification. Every prior version remains archived and the current article identifies that a newer version exists.
Minor typographical or formatting changes that do not alter meaning may be made without a formal notice. Changes to data, methods, results, conclusions, authorship, disclosures or rights always remain traceable.
Potentially harmful errors receive immediate editorial assessment. Other requests are acknowledged within five working days and decided after the necessary author, reviewer, institutional or specialist consultation.
Retraction protects the literature when findings are unreliable, unethical, unlawfully published or seriously compromised.
Retraction is considered when findings are unreliable because of major error or misconduct, the work is redundant or plagiarized, the research or publication was unethical, required authorization is absent, or the editorial process was materially compromised.
The Editor-in-Chief leads the decision with an unconflicted editor and, when needed, independent methodological, ethical or legal advice. Authors receive the evidence and an opportunity to respond; their agreement is not required to protect the record.
The notice identifies the article, reason, initiating party, available evidence and notice date in objective language, and distinguishes honest error from misconduct when the evidence permits.
The notice is open access and linked bidirectionally to the article. The article remains available with a prominent retracted label and watermark; removal is limited to compelling legal, privacy or safety grounds and leaves a public explanation.
ISAIS updates the article metadata and notifies relevant indexing or registration services when those integrations are active. Retraction does not erase the submission, review, decision or version history.
A temporary notice may alert readers when serious, unresolved concerns require investigation and the available evidence is not yet conclusive.
An expression of concern may be issued when evidence of a material problem is inconclusive, an investigation is delayed or may not be reliable, or unresolved concerns could affect the interpretation or safe use of the work.
The Editor-in-Chief assesses proportionality with an unconflicted editor. The notice describes the concern, the evidence known, the investigating body when it may be named and the status of the assessment without treating an allegation as a finding.
The dated notice is open access, appears prominently on every public version and links bidirectionally to the affected article. The article remains available while the investigation proceeds unless safety or law requires a different measure.
The responsible editor reviews the notice at least every three months and whenever reliable new evidence arrives. Unexplained delay by another body does not prevent proportionate action to protect readers.
When the matter concludes, ISAIS publishes and links a resolution, correction or retraction. The expression of concern remains in the version history so the sequence of editorial actions is auditable.
